Delphi Consensus Study on Primary Care Guidelines for the Recreational Use of Anabolic Steroids

The non-medical use of anabolic steroids and other image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) for performance and body enhancement is a global substance use issue and is also highly prevalent in Switzerland, with an estimated 200,000 to 300,000 individuals affected. Such use can have serious health consequences, impacting physical, psychological, and social domains. To support primary care physicians in the management of affected individuals, we are developing evidence-based best practice guidelines in collaboration with the Institute of Primary Care at the University of Zurich using the Delphi consensus method.

Key aspects summarized:

Collaboration with healthcare professionals
We leverage collective intelligence to achieve consensus on relevant and actionable measures for primary care.

Comprehensive approach
Our multimethod approach integrates literature searches, clinical expertise, peer involvement, and expert interviews.

Closing the treatment gap
The resulting best-practice guidelines aim to provide comprehensive medical care and harm-reduction strategies for AAS users.

Project coordinator
Raphael Magnolini, Dr. med., Assistenzarzt Innere Medizin, Arud

Collaborating partners
Universitätsspital Zürich, Institut für Hausarztmedizin

Supported by
Sport & Exercise Medicine Switzerland